Few plants are as smile-inducing as sunflowers, with their cheerful yellow faces reaching for the sun. They also make excellent cut flowers, adding a punch of color to bouquets and floral arrangements.TheĀ common sunflowerĀ (H. annuus) is anĀ annualĀ herb with a rough hairyĀ stemĀ 1ā4.5 metres (3ā15 feet) high and broad, coarsely toothed, roughĀ leavesĀ 7.5ā30 cm (3ā12 inches) long arranged in spirals.
The attractive heads ofĀ flowersĀ are 7.5ā15 cm wide in wild specimens and often 30 cm or more in cultivated types. The disk flowers are brown, yellow, or purple, while the petallike ray flowers are yellow. TheĀ fruitĀ is a single-seededĀ achene. Oilseed varieties typically have small black achenes, while those grown for direct seedĀ consumption, known as confection varieties, have larger black-and-white achenes that readily separate from the seed within.
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